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Contents

About the Contributors xix Foreword xxvii PART 1 Introduction and Foundations 1 CHAPTER 1 Introduction to the Textbook on Counselling Psychology 3 David Murphy CHAPTER 2 A History of British Counselling Psychology 8 Alan Frankland Introduction 9 A Founding Figure 10 The Institutional History 11 And How Has It Grown Since? 15 And Now? 16 CHAPTER 3 Counselling Psychology: Assumptions, Challenges, and Aspirations 22 Stephen Joseph Introduction 23 The Assumptions of Counselling Psychology in Relation to the Medical Ideology 24 Challenges to Counselling Psychology 28 Looking to the Future of Counselling Psychology 31 Conclusion 33 CHAPTER 4 Philosophical Issues in Counselling Psychology 36 Simon du Plock A Personal Perspective 37 So What Do We Mean When We Use the Word "Philosophy"? 38 The Relationship between Philosophy and Therapy 40 The Place of Philosophy in Counselling Psychology 41 A Philosophically Informed Knowledge Base for Counselling Psychology 43 A Philosophical Rather Than a Medical Perspective on What it Means to Be Well 45 A Philosophical Perspective on Movement and Exercise 47 Conclusion 49 PART 2 Approaches to Counselling Psychology 53 CHAPTER 5 Existential Counselling Psychology 55 Elaine Kasket Introduction 56 Ontological Assumptions: Image of the Person 57 Epistemologies: The Ways of Knowing within Existential Therapy 58 Guiding Principles: Core Theoretical Assumptions 59 Nature and Understanding of Psychological Distress 61 The Role and Place of the Therapeutic Relationship 62 Therapist, Client, and Relational Contributions to Effective Existential Therapy 63 Contemporary Adaptations, Developments, and Extensions of the Existential Approach 65 Future Orientations 68 Conclusion 69 CHAPTER 6 Person-Centred Experiential Counselling Psychology 72 David Murphy Introduction 73 Ontological Assumptions: Image of the Person 74 Epistemology: Ways of Knowing 75 Guiding Principles and Core Assumptions 75 Nature and Understanding of Psychological Distress 77 The Role and Place of the Therapeutic Relationship 79 Therapist, Client, and Relational Contributions to Effective Person-Centred Experiential Counselling Psychology 80 Adaptations, Developments, and Extensions of Original Approach 81 Future Orientations 84 Conclusion 84 CHAPTER 7 Psychodynamic Counselling Psychology 88 Andrea Halewood Introduction 89 Ontological Assumptions: Image of the Person 89 Epistemologies: The Ways of Knowing 90 Guiding Principles: Core Theoretical Assumptions 91 Nature and Understanding of Psychological Distress 92 The Role and Place of the Therapeutic Relationship 93 Therapist, Client, and Relational Contributions to Effective Psychodynamic Therapy 94 Contemporary Adaptations, Developments, Extensions 95 Future Orientations 99 Conclusion 100 CHAPTER 8 Cognitive-Behavioural Counselling Psychology 104 Windy Dryden Introduction 105 Ontological Assumptions: Image of the Person 105 Epistemologies: The Ways of Knowing 106 Guiding Principles: Core Theoretical Assumptions 107 Nature and Understanding of Psychological Distress 108 The Role and Place of the Therapeutic Relationship 110 Therapist, Client, and Relational Contributions to Effective Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy 111 Contemporary Adaptations, Developments, Extensions 113 Future Orientations 116 Conclusion 117 CHAPTER 9 Transpersonal Counselling Psychology 120 John Rowan Introduction 121 Ontological Assumptions: Image of the Person 121 Epistemologies: Ways of Knowing in Transpersonal Counselling Psychology 122 Guiding Principles and Core Theoretical Assumptions 123 Nature and Understanding of Psychological Distress 124 The Role and Place of the Therapeutic Relationship 125 Therapist, Client, and Relational Contributions to Effective Transpersonal Counselling Psychology 127 Contemporary Adaptations, Developments, Extensions 129 Future Orientations 131 Conclusion 131 CHAPTER 10 Pluralistic Counselling Psychology 134 Terry Hanley, Laura Anne Winter, John McLeod, and Mick Cooper Introduction 135 Ontological Assumptions: Image of the Person 136 Epistemologies: Ways of Knowing 136 Guiding Principles: Core Theoretical Assumptions 137 Nature and Understanding of Psychological Distress 138 The Role and Place of the Therapeutic Relationship 139 Therapist, Client, and Relational Contributions to Effective Pluralistic Counselling Psychology 140 Contemporary Adaptations, Developments, Extensions 141 Future Orientations 145 Conclusion 146 CHAPTER 11 Psychotherapy Integration for Counselling Psychology 150 Michael J. Lambert and John C. Norcross Introduction 151 Varieties of Integration 152 Ontological Assumptions: Image of the Person 155 Epistemologies: Ways of Knowing 155 Guiding Principles and Core Theoretical Assumptions 156 Nature and Understanding of Psychological Distress 158 The Role and Place of the Therapeutic Relationship 159 Therapist, Client, and Relational Contributions to Effective Counselling Psychology 161 Contemporary Adaptations, Developments, Extensions 162 Conclusions and Future Directions 164 PART 3 Working with Client Groups 169 CHAPTER 12 Counselling Psychology for Children and Young People 171 Terry Hanley, Jasmina Frzina, and Nafeesa Nizami Introduction 172 Background and Scope of Work for Counselling Psychologists Working with Children and Young People 172 Guiding Principles for Practitioners 174 Conceptualizing Distress for this Group 176 Common Issues 177 Review of Evidence-based Methods 178 Legal and Ethical Issues and Relevant Frameworks for Reference 179 Conclusion 182 CHAPTER 13 Counselling Psychologists Working with People with Special Needs and Disabilities 185 Anne Emerson Introduction 186 Models of Disability 187 Guiding Principles for Practitioners 187 Conceptualizing Distress 191 Counselling Psychology Approaches for SND 194 Conclusion 196 CHAPTER 14 Counselling Psychology for Clients with Asperger Syndrome 200 Anja Rutten Introduction 201 Autism and Asperger Syndrome 201 Diagnostic Labels 202 Considering Autism as Counselling Psychologists 202 Is Autism a Disability? 203 Person-First Language or Not? 204 Autistic People's Distress 204 Therapeutic Work with Clients with Asperger Syndrome 205 Experiences of Therapy 207 Conclusion 209 CHAPTER 15 Counselling Psychology for Trauma in Emergency Services Occupations 214 Noreen Tehrani Introduction 215 The Nature of Traumatic Exposure in Organizations 215 The Impact of Trauma on Emergency Service Personnel 217 High Risk Roles and Duty of Care 218 Early Trauma Interventions 220 Trauma Therapy 222 Conclusion 226 PART 4 Socio-cultural Issues 229 CHAPTER 16 Sexualities in Counselling Psychology 231 Eric E. Arnold and Melanie E. Brewster Introduction 232 Diverse Sexual Practices 232 Unpacking the Alphabet Soup: LGB Identities 233 Identity Intersectionality in a Multicultural World 235 Minority Stress and Marginalization 238 Identity Development 238 Experiences in School and Work 239 Intimacy and Families 240 Physical Health in LGB Communities 241 Mental Health 242 CHAPTER 17 Social Class in Counselling Psychology 249 William Ming Liu and Alex J. Colbow Introduction 250 Social Class and Psychological Distress 251 Counselling Psychology as a Transmitter of Classism 253 What Students and Clinicians Can Do 256 Upward Mobility Bias 258 Conclusion 260 CHAPTER 18 Issues of Race and Ethnicity in Counselling Psychology 265 Ohemaa Nkansa-Dwamena Introduction 266 Dialogue and Narrative: How Does Counselling Think About Race and Ethnicity? 267 Privilege, Prejudice, Bias, and Race 269 Challenging Stereotypes 270 Clinical Practice: How Do We Engage with Race and Ethnicity? 271 Working Across the Lifespan: History in Race and Ethnicity 274 Conclusion 278 CHAPTER 19 Gender in Counselling Psychology 281 Meg-John Barker and Christina Richards Introduction 282 Understanding Gender 283 Counselling Psychology with Cisgender Women and Men 286 Counselling Psychology with Trans Men and Women 288 Counselling Psychology with Nonbinary People 290 Conclusion 293 PART 5 Professional Issues 297 CHAPTER 20 Developing Ethical Awareness Whilst Training to Be a Counselling Psychologist 299 Pam James Introduction 300 Question 1: What is Working Ethically? 300 Question 2: Why is it Necessary to Have Codes of Practice and What Are They? 302 Question 3: What is the Specific Nature of Counselling Psychology Training? 304 Question 4: Does the Way of Working Ethically Change from Pre- to Postqualification? 306 General Learning Points for the Development of a Personal Ethical Awareness 312 Conclusion 312 CHAPTER 21 Practice Ethics for Counselling Psychology 315 Dee Danchev Introduction 316 Trust 316 Codes, Principles, and Virtues 317 Dilemmas and Structures for Solving Dilemmas 318 Are There Ethical Differences Among Therapeutic Orientations? 322 Responsibility 322 Online Counselling 323 What Are Unethical Actions? 325 Practice Supervision 325 CHAPTER 22 The Politics of Counselling Psychology 330 Colin Feltham and Richard House Introduction 331 Politics and Counselling Psychologists 331 Alignment with Marginalized and Oppressed Groups 334 Professional Politics 336 Wider Applications of Counselling Psychology Theory, and Crossovers 339 CHAPTER 23 Supervision in Counselling Psychology 346 Mary Creaner and Ladislav Timulak Introduction 347 Defining Supervision in Counselling Psychology 347 The Relationship in Counselling Psychology Supervision 349 Models of Supervision in Counselling Psychology 351 Supervision Competencies 352 Supervision Training for Counselling Psychologists 353 Multicultural and Diversity Issues in Supervision 354 Posttraining Supervision in Counselling Psychology 354 Future Directions for Supervision in Counselling Psychology 355 CHAPTER 24 Training in Counselling Psychology 361 Ewan Gillon, Ladislav Timulak, and Mary Creaner Introduction 362 The Structure of Counselling Psychology Training in the UK 362 The Organization of Counselling Psychology Training in the UK 364 Training Standards in Counselling Psychology Internationally 369 Developing the Training Agenda in the UK 372 Conclusion 373 PART 6 Research in Counselling Psychology 377 CHAPTER 25 Research Ethics in Counselling Psychology 379 Dee Danchev Introduction 380 Historical Context 380 The Ethics of the Researcher and Their Positioning 381 The Participant's Perspective 383 The Use of Incentives 384 Informed Consent 385 Deception 387 Anonymity 387 Online Research 388 Research Method, Analysis, and Reporting Findings 388 Aftercare of Participants 389 Dissemination and the Research Afterlife 389 Researcher Self-care 390 Conclusion 391 CHAPTER 26 An Introduction to Qualitative Research in Counselling Psychology 394 John McLeod Introduction 395 Epistemologies: Ways of Knowing 395 Guiding Principles 397 What Questions Can Be Asked in Qualitative Psychological Research? 398 Key Research Methods 399 Sampling 400 Approaches to Analysing Data 402 Conclusion 405 CHAPTER 27 An Introduction to Quantitative Research in Counselling Psychology 408 Duncan Cramer Introduction 409 Why Use Quantitative Research Methods? 409 Guiding Principles and Core Methodological Assumptions 411 Major Types of Experimental Designs 412 Questions That Can Be Asked in Quantitative Psychological Research 413 Key Research Methods 414 Sampling 416 Sample Research Study Example 420 Conclusion 422 CHAPTER 28 Hermeneutic Single Case Efficacy Design for Counselling Psychology 425 Robert Elliott and Mark Widdowson Introduction 426 Epistemologies: Ways of Knowing 426 Guiding Principles and Assumptions 428 Research Questions Addressed 429 Key Research Methods 430 Sampling 432 Approaches to Analysing Data 432 HSCED Examples 434 Conclusion: Strengths and Limitations of HSCED 435 CHAPTER 29 Theory-Building Case Studies for Counselling Psychology 439 William B. Stiles Introduction 440 How Theory-building Research Works 440 How to Do Theory-building Case Studies 445 Conclusion 451 Index 453

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