The Invention of the Western Film ranges across literature, visual arts, social history, ideology, and legend to provide, for the first time, an in-depth exploration of the early Western, from short kinetoscopes of the 1890s through 'classic' features of the 1940s. By examining the American Indian's rise and demise during the silent era, B-Westerns of the 1930s, and film noir-influenced Westerns of the 1940s, Scott Simmon's pioneering study silhouettes the genre's evolution against a myriad of cultural forces. This lively, encyclopedic book revitalizes familiar Western icons John Wayne and John Ford, and recovers forgotten masterworks from the Western film's formative years.
Part I. 'My Friend, the Indian': Landscape and the Extermination of the Native American in the Silent Western: 1. Indians to the rescue; 2. The eastern Western; 3. Our friends, the Indians; 4. The death of the Western, 1911; 5. The far-Western; 6. Wars on the plains; 7. The politics of landscape; 8. Pocahontas meets Custer: The Invaders; 9. 'No Indians wanted'; 10. The west of the Mohicans; 11. Desert places; Part II. 'It's Time for Your History Lesson, Dear': John Wayne and the Problem of History in the Hollywood Western of the 1930s: 12. The Big Trail and the weight of history; 13. What's the big idea?; 14. Manifestations of destiny; 15. Rambling into Surrealism: the B-Western; 16. 'Don't cry, Pat, it's only a Western': A note on acting; 17. Time, space, and the Western; Part III. 'That Sleep of Death': John Ford and the Darkness of the Classic Western in the 1940s: 18. My Darling Clementine and the fight with Film Noir; 19. Out of the past; 20. 'Shakespeare? In Tombstone?'; 21. 'Get outa town and stay out'; 22. 'A lot of nice people around here'; 23. 'Who do we shoot?'; 24. The revenge of Film Noir; 25. The return of the Earps; 26. Ford, Fonda, and the death of the classic Western.
